The Alternative Investment Management Association
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Alternative Investment Management Association
AIMA's Glossary has been developed for all those with an interest in the alternative investment industry - from the beginner to the advanced practitioner.
You will find a considerable overlap of content with the traditional fund management industry - the instruments used, the service providers employed, etc. However, the hedge fund industry is individual in the way in which it uses these resources.
For reasons of law and accuracy, this is not a wiki. It is a work-in-progress, however, and we invite you to submit new items for inclusion below (including the proposed definition).
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(1) An option contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable. giving the buyerA market participant who takes a long futures position or buys an option. An option buyer is also called a Taker, Holder or Owner. the right but not the obligation to purchase a commodityA commodity, as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, includes the agricultural commodities enumerated in Section 1a(4) of the Commodity Exchange Act and all other goods and articles, except onions as provided in Public Law 85-839 (7 U.S.C. § 13-1), a 1958 law that banned futures trading in onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in., security. futures contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable. or other asset or to enter into a long futures position; (2) a period at the opening and the close of some futures markets in which the price for each futures contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable. is established by auction; or (3) the requirement that a financial instrument(1) A legal document in which a contractual relationship is given formal expression to, or by which some right is granted e.g. share, bond, loan note, contract or agreement. (2) A tradable asset such as a commodity, security, or derivative, or an index or value that underlies a derivative or could underlie a derivative. be returned to the issuer prior to maturityPeriod within which a futures contract can be settled by delivery of the actual commodity., with principal and accrued interest paid off upon return.
The right but not the obligation to purchase an agreed amount of a commodityA commodity, as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, includes the agricultural commodities enumerated in Section 1a(4) of the Commodity Exchange Act and all other goods and articles, except onions as provided in Public Law 85-839 (7 U.S.C. § 13-1), a 1958 law that banned futures trading in onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in. ,security, futures contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable. or other asset at a predetermined price within a specified period of time. See American optionAn option that may be exercised at any time before the expiry date. See European option. and European optionAn option that may be exercised only on the expiration date. See also Call option..
The amount of investment capital that can be comfortably absorbed by a manager or strategyThe particular investment process employed by a manager in the application of an investment style. without a diminishing of returns. A widely used indication of whether or not a manager or strategyThe particular investment process employed by a manager in the application of an investment style. faces capacity constraints is to analyse the degree to which they experience slippageThe difference between the sample or target price for buying or selling an asset and the actual price at which the transaction takes place. (see Slippage] in the execution of their strategyThe particular investment process employed by a manager in the application of an investment style. or trades. There are a number of factors that may limitThe maximum price advance or decline from the previous day's settlement price permitted during one trading session, as fixed by the rules of an exchange. In some futures contracts, the limit may be expanded or removed during a trading session a specified period of time after the contract is locked limit. investment, such as the size of the underlying market and its liquidityThe ease with which an investment product/fund can be sold/redeemed from, without impacting its price. Hedge funds typically offer quarterly or annual liquidity, meaning that they allow investors to redeem their shares that often.. The investorSee Eligible investor. See Accredited investor. Investors in hedge funds can be categorised in many ways but the most clear distinction is between fund of hedge funds managers and direct investors: 1. Fund of hedge funds managers: These entities manage diversified portfolios of hedge funds (usually in the form of collective investment schemes), and provide their investors with services such as fund selection and risk management in return for a fee. 2. Direct investors: Hedge funds are aimed primarily at institutional and sophisticated investors. Direct investors include pension funds (public and private), endowments, foundations and family offices. should establish limitations to specific fund strategies.
An approach that seeks to exploit discrepancies in the valuations of various securities that a particular company offers, based on their seniority. For example, such funds might take a long positionHolding a positive amount of an asset. in a company's senior bank debtSee Junior debt, Mezzanine debt, Secured debt, Senior debt, Subordinated debt., while shorting its stock.
The physical or actual commodityA commodity, as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, includes the agricultural commodities enumerated in Section 1a(4) of the Commodity Exchange Act and all other goods and articles, except onions as provided in Public Law 85-839 (7 U.S.C. § 13-1), a 1958 law that banned futures trading in onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in. that is or may be owned as the result of a completed contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable. and which must be accepted upon delivery. As distinguished from a futures contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable., sometimes called Spot Commodity or Actuals which is not completed until a specified future date. The cash commodityThe physical or actual commodity that is or may be owned as the result of a completed contract and which must be accepted upon delivery. As distinguished from a futures contract, sometimes called Spot Commodity or Actuals which is not completed until a specified future date. The cash commodity contract specification is set by the relevant commodity exchanges. contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable. specification is set by the relevant commodityA commodity, as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, includes the agricultural commodities enumerated in Section 1a(4) of the Commodity Exchange Act and all other goods and articles, except onions as provided in Public Law 85-839 (7 U.S.C. § 13-1), a 1958 law that banned futures trading in onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in. exchanges.
Cash management is an investment discipline used by entities of all kinds to ensure liquidityThe ease with which an investment product/fund can be sold/redeemed from, without impacting its price. Hedge funds typically offer quarterly or annual liquidity, meaning that they allow investors to redeem their shares that often. and to maximize returns on cash balances. The five key components of effective cash managementCash management is an investment discipline used by entities of all kinds to ensure liquidity and to maximize returns on cash balances. The five key components of effective cash management are: collection, disbursement, concentration, investment and information control. For hedge funds, cash management, if effectively employed, can play an integral part in the overall profitability of the fund. are: collection, disbursement, concentration, investment and information control. For hedge funds, cash managementCash management is an investment discipline used by entities of all kinds to ensure liquidity and to maximize returns on cash balances. The five key components of effective cash management are: collection, disbursement, concentration, investment and information control. For hedge funds, cash management, if effectively employed, can play an integral part in the overall profitability of the fund., if effectively employed, can play an integral part in the overall profitability of the fund.
Transactions completed in the cash or spotMarket of immediate delivery of and payment for the product. markets, where ownership of the commodityA commodity, as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, includes the agricultural commodities enumerated in Section 1a(4) of the Commodity Exchange Act and all other goods and articles, except onions as provided in Public Law 85-839 (7 U.S.C. § 13-1), a 1958 law that banned futures trading in onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in. is transferred from seller to buyerA market participant who takes a long futures position or buys an option. An option buyer is also called a Taker, Holder or Owner. and payment is made on the delivery of the commodityA commodity, as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, includes the agricultural commodities enumerated in Section 1a(4) of the Commodity Exchange Act and all other goods and articles, except onions as provided in Public Law 85-839 (7 U.S.C. § 13-1), a 1958 law that banned futures trading in onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in.. The cash marketTransactions completed in the cash or spot markets, where ownership of the commodity is transferred from seller to buyer and payment is made on the delivery of the commodity. The cash market contrasts with the futures market, in which contracts are completed at a specified time in the future. The market for the cash commodity (as contrasted to a futures contract) which takes the form of: (1) an organised, self-regulated central market (e.g., a commodity exchange); (2) a decentralised over-the-counter market; or (3) a local organisation, such as a grain elevator or meat processor, which provides a market for a small region. contrasts with the futures market, in which contracts are completed at a specified time in the future. The market for the cash commodityThe physical or actual commodity that is or may be owned as the result of a completed contract and which must be accepted upon delivery. As distinguished from a futures contract, sometimes called Spot Commodity or Actuals which is not completed until a specified future date. The cash commodity contract specification is set by the relevant commodity exchanges. (as contrasted to a futures contract(1) A term of reference describing a unit of trading for a commodity future or option; (2) an agreement to buy or sell a specified commodity, detailing the amount and grade of the product and the date on which the contract will mature and become deliverable.) which takes the form of: (1) an organised, self-regulated central market (e.g., a commodityA commodity, as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, includes the agricultural commodities enumerated in Section 1a(4) of the Commodity Exchange Act and all other goods and articles, except onions as provided in Public Law 85-839 (7 U.S.C. § 13-1), a 1958 law that banned futures trading in onions, and all services, rights, and interests in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in. exchangeA central marketplace which may be electronic and usually subject to established rules and regulations where buyers and sellers meet to trade futures and options contracts, commodities or securities. See Derivatives clearing organization. Exchanges include designated contract markets and derivatives transaction execution facilities. See Electronic trading facility.); (2) a decentralised over-the-counterSee OTC. market; or (3) a localAn individual with exchange trading privileges who trades for is own account, traditionally on an exchange floor, and whose activities provide market liquidity. See Floor trader. organisation, such as a grain elevator or meat processor, which provides a market for a small region.
See Certificate of Deposit.
See collateralised debtSee Junior debt, Mezzanine debt, Secured debt, Senior debt, Subordinated debt. obligation.
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